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Formula tables

Density of water by temperature: table from 0 to 100 °C

The density of water changes with temperature. It is highest, 999.975 kg/m³, at about 4 °C and falls on either side: 998.206 kg/m³ at 20 °C and 965.319 kg/m³ at 90 °C.

0 to 50 °C

51 to 99 °C

Notes

Every value is computed with IAPWS-IF97, the industrial standard for water and steam, at one atmosphere (101.325 kPa). v is the specific volume, the inverse of density.

By IF97 the density peaks at about 3.96 °C. That is why a lake freezes from the top: the densest water, near 4 °C, sinks to the bottom.

Pressure barely changes the density of liquid water: at 10 bar it is less than 0.05% higher than at one atmosphere. For other temperatures and pressures, use the steam calculator.