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Formula tables

Saturated steam tables: by temperature and by pressure

Pick a temperature in the first table or a pressure in the second. f is saturated liquid, g is saturated vapour and fg is the difference, so h_fg is the enthalpy of vaporisation. Volume in m³/kg, enthalpy in kJ/kg, entropy in kJ/(kg·K).

Saturated water by temperature

Saturated water by pressure

Saturated mixture with quality x

QuantityFormula

Notes

Every value is computed from IAPWS-IF97, the industrial standard for water and steam properties, and checked against the verification values the standard publishes.

The reference state is saturated liquid at the triple point, where internal energy and entropy are zero, as in most textbooks. Books printed from the scientific formulation, IAPWS-95, can differ in the second decimal.

The table stops at 350 °C. Above that, up to the critical point at 374 °C, the standard needs a further equation. For values between rows there is a steam calculator, and for steam above its boiling point, the superheated steam tables.